An Analytic Approach to Determine Maximum Penetration Level of Distributed Generation Considering Power Loss

Abstract

In power system distributed generation has rapidly increased due to many technical, economical and environment aspects. Distribution network operators face with challenges lately with integration of distributed generation. The aim to increase distributed generation and make distribution system less attached to central generation release many problems in planning and operating a network. To keep distribution system safe and reliable the effects of distributed generation is to be investigated. Lately, optimal allocation problems give place to high penetration problems. In order to guide distribution network operators for high penetration level of distributed generation in the existing systems with less investment needs new approaches are required. An analytical approach is introduced in this paper to maximize penetration level of distributed generation without increasing total power loss of system. 33-bus and 69-bus test distribution systems and a 229-bus real network are used to implement method and results are presented.