Synthesis and Characterization of Binary Azides (e.g. RbN3) via Ion-Exchange Method

Abstract

Azides have garnered significant interest in chemical research for their diverse properties and applications, ranging from their use in airbags and detonators to their roles in photochemistry. Despite this attention, there remains a dearth of detailed studies focusing on the synthesis and characterization of binary azides. In this study, a robust and safe method for the synthesis of RbN<inf>3</inf> via ion exchange is presented, addressing the inherent challenges associated with handling highly explosive alkali metal azides. The experimental procedure, conducted under stringent safety measures, resulted in the successful production of high-purity RbN<inf>3</inf>, as confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy analyses. XRPD data with the reference intensity ratio method (RIR) confirmed phase purity above 99 %, which is in good agreement with the elemental ratio found by SEM-EDX analysis. The synthesized RbN<inf>3</inf> exhibited crystalline white powder morphology, free from impurities, thus demonstrating the efficacy of the ion exchange approach. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and Vibrational spectroscopy analyses provided additional insights into the structure and purity of RbN<inf>3</inf> in accordance with theoretical expectations; the characteristic vibrational modes for N<inf>3</inf>-could be well found at the expected theoretical and experimental ranges. These findings show an easy, safe, and reliable method for synthesizing binary azides and contribute to a deeper understanding of azide chemistry, with implications for various scientific disciplines. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.