An integrated multi-criteria decision-making model for site selection of wave energy converters: a case study

Abstract

The renewable energy generation has grown significantly in recent years, primarily due to the numerous advantages it offers over traditional fossil fuel sources. In coastal areas, wave energy stands out as an important renewable energy source. However, the selection of the optimal location for wave energy converters (WECs) is a challenging task as it requires the consideration of multiple contradictory criteria. To address this challenge, this study proposes an integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model to determine the optimal location for the installation of WECs to maximize energy generation from waves. The proposed model considers four main criteria: (1) locational aspects, (2) efficiency of the wave energy converter, (3) cost, and (4) environmental aspects. These criteria are also divided into 17 sub-criteria. The model integrates the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) method to calculate the criteria weights and the complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) method to rank the alternatives. The performance of the model is demonstrated through a case study involving two locations in the Black Sea region. Utilizing this decision-making model, decision-makers can optimize their energy generation by strategically placing WECs at the most advantageous and productive locations.