Evaluation of the positioning capabilities of different open-source single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) software in static mode

Abstract

This investigation evaluates the positioning capabilities of the open-source GAMP, PPPLib, and SUPREME software in static mode, which provide the opportunity to obtain single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) solutions. In the study, multi-Global Satellite Navigation System (GNSS) observations obtained from three different International GNSS Service (IGS) stations on consecutive 7 days were evaluated with the aforesaid software, and the obtained solutions were compared with IGS weekly solutions. The results obtained were examined in terms of convergence time, repeatability, and accuracy. The findings indicate that GAMP provides 24.3% and 85.8% faster convergence time than SUPREME and PPPLib, respectively. Moreover, GAMP provides 68.5% more consistent results than PPPLib and 17.2% more consistent results than SUPREME. Considering the positioning accuracies derived from all evaluated days, the three-dimensional Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values obtained from GAMP, PPPLib, and SUPREME are 8.4 cm, 39.6 cm, and 10.9 cm, respectively. These outcomes clearly demonstrate the superiority of GAMP over others. Finally, the results show that the results obtained from PPPLib software using single-frequency GNSS observations would not be sufficient in applications requiring high accuracy and precision, whereas single-frequency observations can be evaluated with GAMP and SUPREME software in applications where cm- level accuracy would be sufficient.