New trends in 3D and 4D printed dental and orthopedic Implants: Methods, applications and future directions

Abstract

This review explores the emerging trends in 3D and 4D printing technologies for dental and orthopedic implants, highlighting innovative methods, diverse applications, and potential future developments. Integrating advanced materials and printing techniques has revolutionized the customization and production of implants, enabling tailored solutions that enhance patient outcomes. Meanwhile, the review examines the current landscape of additive manufacturing in the medical field, focusing on how these technologies improve implants' design, functionality, and biocompatibility. Additionally, this review discusses the implications of 4D printing, which introduces dynamic properties to implants, allowing for adaptive responses to environmental stimuli. Future directions include the exploration of bioactive materials and the potential for in-situ printing in surgical settings, paving the way for more efficient and personalized healthcare solutions. Eventually, this study aims to provide insights into the transformative impact of 3D and 4D printing on the field of dental and orthopedic medicine. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.