A turning point in AI: Europe's human-centric approach to technology regulation

Abstract

This article examines the European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act, a landmark legislation that sets forth comprehensive rules for the development, deployment, and governance of artificial intelligence technologies within the EU. Emphasizing a human-centric approach, the Act aims to ensure AI's safe use, protect fundamental rights, and foster innovation within a framework that supports economic growth. Through a detailed analysis, the article explores the Act's key provisions, including its risk-based approach, bans and restrictions on certain AI practices, and measures for safeguarding fundamental rights. It also discusses the potential impact on SMEs, the importance of balancing regulation with innovation, and the need for the Act to adapt in response to technological advancements. The role of stakeholders in ensuring the Act's successful implementation and the significance of this legislative milestone for the future of AI are highlighted. The article concludes with reflections on the opportunities the Act presents for ethical AI development and the challenges ahead in maintaining its relevance and efficacy in a rapidly evolving technological landscape. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.