Biocompatible PLA/spirulina microparticles via electrospraying for targeted drug delivery in HUVEC and HaCaT cell lines

Abstract

Spirulina platensis, well-known for its abundant nutrients and sustainability, shows potential as a microcarrier for various biotechnological uses. However, its natural degradability presents a challenge. Polylactic Acid (PLA) offers a solution due to its biodegradability and compatibility. By using the electrohydrodynamic atomization technique (electrospraying), precise control over microparticle characteristics like size, shape, and composition is achieved by adjusting parameters such as voltage, flow rate, and solution properties. In this research, microparticles made from Spirulina extract and PLA were created through electrospraying to act as microcarriers. Different formulations were tested, including 3% PLA and blends of Spirulina extract and PLA at concentrations of 0.125%, 0.25%, and 0.5% using chloroform and ethanol in the ratio of 19:1. Through various tests (MTT assay and colony formation test) the biocompatibility of producing microparticles was assessed using HUVEC and HaCaT cell lines, indicating these microparticles' potential for diverse applications as microcarrier systems.