Multiphysics modeling of lithium-ion batteries: a novel DRT-enhanced electro-thermal framework

Abstract

This paper presents both the development and experimental validation of a complete numerical modeling framework for lithium-ion battery characterization with a high-fidelity multi-physics model. The methodology begins with building a robust battery model and fits this model to test data using a parameter optimization to precisely tune-up critical battery parameters that span both steady-state and dynamic operational conditions. The results were followed by an in-depth sensitivity analysis to assess the most influential and least influential parameters on battery characterization. The next contribution of this study is the innovative integration of the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis, systematically conducted on impedance data acquired directly from the commercially packaged lithium-ion battery. This integration specifically allows for the physically meaningful calculation of the liquid- and solid-phase diffusion coefficients, moving beyond conventional lumped parameter estimations which may yield poor estimations due to huge parameter design spaces. Furthermore, to validate the effectiveness and applicability of the model in varying thermal conditions, DRT-derived insights are rigorously applied and tested using a coupled thermal model at 0 degrees\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$<^>{\circ }$$\end{document}C and 40 degrees\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$<^>{\circ }$$\end{document}C in addition to the base model of 25 degrees\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$<^>{\circ }$$\end{document}C. This holistic multi-aspect approach has been shown to significantly improve understanding of the internal dynamics of the battery and provides a high-fidelity modeling approach for advanced battery management and design.